Management of cocoa plantation field relied on the use of pesticides over the years; hence, the fate of such chemicals is one of the most debated issues among the stakeholders. Young and old cocoa plantation fields from 4 major cocoa producing States in Nigeria were selected as the study area. Eight composites soil samples collected from 3 portions of 6 transect measured area (100 x 50m) of the...

OBJECTIVE Cocoa pods are abundant waste materials of cocoa plantation, which are usually discarded onto plantation floors. However, due to poor plantation management, the discarded cocoa pods can create suitable breeding ground for Phytophthora palmivora, which is regarded as the causal agent of the black pod disease. On the other hand, cocoa pods potentially contain antioxidant compounds. Anti...

Abstract Herlang District has an agricultural cultivation area of 6,160.10 Ha and consists various land management systems, such as paddy fields, not fields (corn green beans), plantation potential (cashew, mahogany, cocoa), well in agroforestry management. Agroforestry is effort to increase biodiversity without the exception soil microbes fungi which stimulate biological activity. This study a...

An occupied nest of Epipona media Cooper was discovered and collected in a cabruca (cocoa plantation with native tree cover). This is the first record of E. media from Bahia State. We described the nest structure and compared the adults with the closely related species Epipona tatua Cuvier.

The continuous use of copper-based fungicide over the years in the control of black pod disease has led to heavy-metal accumulation in cocoa soils due to its non biodegradable nature. Considering the limited, available forest, it is therefore, necessary for the existing heavy-metal contaminated cocoa soils to undergo soil remediation in order to reduce the bioavailability of metals for plant up...

BACKGROUND The recent inclusion of the cocoa sector as an option for carbon storage necessitates the need to quantify the C stocks in cocoa systems of Ghana. RESULTS Using farmers' fields, the carbon (C) stocks in shaded and unshaded cocoa systems selected from the Eastern (ER) and Western (WR) regions of Ghana were measured. Total ecosystem C (biomass C + soil C to 60 cm depth) ranged from 8...

This study aims to analyze the impact of ASEAN-China Free Trade Area (ACFTA) on 4 major exports plantation commodities (including coffee, cocoa, rubber, and palm oil) in Indonesia. The trade is measured based occurrence creation or diversion. negative coefficient as result dummy FTA (Free Area) measurement indicates presence Meanwhile, positive creation. examines export Indonesia China compared...

One of the leading plantation commodities in Indonesia is cocoa (Theobroma Cacao). Through Decree Minister Agriculture and Plantation (Kepmentan) No.46 / Kpts PD.300 2015 Ende Regency, East Nusa Tenggara [NTT] was determined as a mainstay area, but fact, production not optimal. Based on these considerations, this study aims to determine level farming income factors that influence farmers' analy...